[OAI-implementers] dc:title vs. dc:description for images

Mon Aug 30 13:37:03 EDT 2004

Option 1 would generate several dc:title elements.  I would be interested
to know how harvesters who do not focus on cultural heritage materials
treat multiple dc:title elements.  

My interest is for a reason that is different from Jenn's.  In mapping our
MARC records to simple DC, I have actually been dropping alternative
titles because of potential confusion.  In many cases they only represent
minor differences of word order (created with an alphabetical browse list
in mind); those are no great loss.  I've assumed that translated titles
should be included because they can be distinguished by the XML lang
attribute.  However, I can envisage future situations where dropping
additional titles would lose valuable information (e.g., for songs which
are often referred to by their first line).

In practice, would the order of multiple title elements be important to
harvesters?

For records in the MODS and MARC formats, the potential problem with
multiple titles does not occur, because the main title will always be
distinguishable.  I am simply looking to make any mapping to simple DC
as useful as it can be.

   Thanks.   Caroline Arms                           caar at loc.gov

Office of Strategic Initiatives
Library of Congress

On Mon, 30 Aug 2004, Sarah L. Shreeves wrote:

> I've replied to Jenn on another list about this question (so I apologize 
> for anyone who's getting a duplicate response!), but I thought it would be 
> useful for other service providers to respond as well...
> 
> As a service provider we've actually made a point of making some rules 
> about displays and indexing that take into account issues like no titles.
> 
> For instance, in our Mellon funded service provider (for cultural heritage 
> materials), we always display the dc:title, dc:creator, and dc:subject or 
> dc:description in our short display. If the dc:title is missing, the 
> dc:subject is displayed. If dc:subject is missing, dc:description is 
> displayed. We also included the title, subject, and description fields in 
> one index.  This decision was made primarily because of the amount of 
> museum (and library, for that matter) metadata no titles. In our study of 
> the use of DC by community (from the Mellon service), we found that 77% of 
> records coming from museums and 66% of records from academic libraries had 
> a title element. On average, records from the museum community had one 
> title entry per record, and those from the library community had about two.
> 
> So I think that either Option 1 or Option 2 would work fine. Service 
> providers who are working with non-bibliographic material at least should 
> be accustomed to metadata that doesn't fit the normal mold. This doesn't 
> mean poor quality metadata, of course, just that 'good' metadata doesn't 
> have to have a title field!
> 
> Also, as you note, Option 4 is absolutely the worst option from a user's 
> point of view!
> 
> Sarah
> 
> 
> At 12:50 PM 8/28/2004, Riley, Jenn wrote:
> >Hello all-
> >
> >I'm mapping metadata for an archival collection of digitized slides (the
> >collection is at <http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/collections/cushman/>)
> >from our native format to simple DC for exposure via our OAI data
> >provider, and I'm having trouble making a final decision about how to
> >deal with a dc:title vs. dc:description issue.
> >
> >These slides are from a skilled amateur photographer, so they do not
> >have a "title," per se. They do have a very large amount of description
> >however, all provided by the original photographer - a description
> >written on the slide mount, plus similar but not identical descriptions
> >in between 1 and 3 small notebooks accomanying the slides. So we have
> >between 2 and 4 descriptive strings for each image, none of which can be
> >considered to be more authoritative or complete than another. I'm trying
> >to decide whether to put these strings in dc:title or dc:description
> >elements.
> >
> >Option 1: Put all of them in dc:title. This means each DC record will
> >have up to 4 dc:title elements. I'm leaning strongly toward this
> >solution at the moment, mainly because I don't find any of the other
> >options satisfactory.
> >
> >Option 2: Put all of them in dc:description. This is from a pure
> >metadata standpoint the best solution - these strings are all really
> >descriptions, rather than formal titles. However, this would result in
> >NO dc:title element for these records. Since service providers rely so
> >heavily on dc:title for intelligible display of records, I'm extremely
> >hesitant to use this solution.
> >
> >Option 3a: Pick one of the strings to put in dc:title and put the rest
> >in dc:description. If we were to do this, I suppose the description from
> >the slide mount would go in dc:title, since there's only ever 1 of
> >these, but I really don't like this solution. There's no reason to
> >prefer this description over the ones from the notebooks - in fact, the
> >descriptions in the notebooks were written when the picture was taken
> >(the slide mounts obviously were written after the film was developed!)
> >and the notebook descriptions weren't subject to space considerations as
> >the slide mount descriptions were. But there's no reason to pick any of
> >the 3 possible notebook descriptions over any of the others so there's
> >no good way to pick one of them for dc:title either.
> >
> >Option 3b: Pick one of the strings to put in dc:title and put all of
> >them in dc:description. Same as above, but duplicate the value in
> >dc:title in dc:description. I don't like this solution for the same
> >reasons as 3a, above.
> >
> >Option 4: Create a generic title for each record (something like
> >"Charles W. Cushman slide") and put all the descriptive strings in
> >dc:description. Although I'm a librarian and we construct "titles" for
> >unpublished materials all the time, I *really* don't like this solution.
> >There are 15,000 slides in the collection, so if a user's search came up
> >with more than one record from this collection, a display listing titles
> >would be extremely UN-useful. Also, we have a strong commitment in this
> >collection to preserve the photographer's original words, so I'd like to
> >find a way to make these what users see in search results.
> >
> >I do plan to expose at least one other more robust metadata format for
> >these records, so hopefully some service providers will be able to see
> >and maintain the complex nature  of this issue, but I still want to make
> >sure that our simple DC is intelligible for service providers who will
> >only use that metadata format.
> >
> >So does anyone out there have advice on this issue? Is there a pervasive
> >practice out there by service providers to use a dc:description for
> >display when there's no dc:title? What have other data providers done
> >when dealing with unpublished material with multiple possible "titles"?
> >
> >Jenn
> >
> >========================
> >Jenn Riley
> >Metadata Librarian
> >Digital Library Program
> >Indiana University - Bloomington
> >Main Library E170
> >(812) 856-5759
> >www.dlib.indiana.edu
> >
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